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Low-to-Moderate Alcohol Consumption Tied to Less Cognitive Decline

By Amy Orciari Herman

Low-to-moderate drinking — compared with no drinking — is associated with less cognitive decline among middle-aged and older adults, according to a JAMA Network Open study.

Nearly 20,000 adults answered questions about alcohol consumption at baseline. Current low-to-moderate drinking was defined as less than 8 drinks (but more than zero) per week for women and less than 15 for men. Participants also underwent cognitive testing every 2 years, completing at least three test cycles over a mean 9 years' follow-up.

After adjustment for age, race, years of education, and other confounders, those who reported drinking low-to-moderate amounts of alcohol were significantly less likely to have consistently low cognitive scores throughout follow-up, relative to those who never drank. Heavy drinkers did not see a similar benefit.

Of the potential mechanisms underlying the observed association, the researchers write, "The main hypotheses focus on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular pathways and on brain-derived neurotrophic factor."

JAMA Network Open article (Free)

Background: NEJM Journal Watch General Medicine coverage of alcohol & cognitive impairment (Your NEJM Journal Watch registration required)