Facial Contact Dermatitis From Cosmetic-Relevant Allergens

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Facial allergic contact dermatitis caused by cosmetic products is common. New allergens in cosmetics continuously emerge.

OBJECTIVES

To investigate characteristics of patients with facial dermatitis (FD) between 2010 and 2019 including patch test results from cosmetic-related allergens and a new test series with cosmetic-relevant natural ingredients (CRNIs).

METHODS

This is a retrospective study analysing demographics, clinical characteristics according to MOAHLFA index (male; occupation; atopic dermatitis; hand; leg; face; age ≥ 40 years), and patch test results to 27 cosmetic-relevant allergens in FD patients. A prospective study evaluating a screening test series with CRNIs in consecutive FD patients for 1 year was also conducted. These patients received a questionnaire for collecting extra characteristics (eg, concerning quality of life).

RESULTS

Of 8740 tested patients, 2292 (26.2%) had FD. Of these, 30.6% had cosmetic-induced FD. The most common cosmetic-related allergens were fragrances and preservatives. The most common patch test-positive CRNIs were hydroperoxides of limonene and linalool, and propolis. Potato and peanut were rare, but the most common prick test-positive CRNIs, however, without any relation to the use of cosmetic products. FD affected nearly all patients' quality of life and caused limitations to their daily life.

CONCLUSIONS

Updated management and quick diagnosis of FD is important to avoid negative impact on patients' quality of life.

TAKE-HOME MESSAGE

• In this registry-based study, almost a third of patients with facial dermatitis undergoing patch testing had a rash induced partly or fully by cosmetics. Allergic contact dermatitis was seen in 90% of cases while 8% had irritant dermatitis. Female gender and age >40 years were associated with facial dermatitis due to cosmetics. Patch test reactions to cosmetics-related allergens were most commonly caused by fragrance and preservatives. Limonene, linalool, and propolis were the most common cause of reactions among cosmetic-related natural ingredients. Most patients reported an impact on their quality of life.

• The management of facial dermatitis secondary to cosmetic use is important to preserve the quality of life of patients.

–  Caroline K. Crabtree, MD

Contact Dermatitis

Facial contact dermatitis caused by cosmetic-relevant allergens

Contact Derm 2021 Sep 05;[EPub Ahead of Print], MA Bruusgaard-Mouritsen, LH Garvey, JD Johansen 

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Benjamin Hidalgo-Matlock
Skin Care Physicians of Costa Rica

Clinica Victoria en San Pedro: 4000-1054
Momentum Escazu: 2101-9574

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